CSCI1110

Assignment 03

Please start this assignment early ; programming and logic take time - if you leave it to the last
minute, you might not have enough time to finish or might make silly mistakes that you otherwise
could avoid. Note that TAs and Instructors will not be able to answer last-minute questions!

All work is to be handed in Mimir, our online code learning environment. You should, however,
write your code on an IDE such as IntelliJ.

To complete this assignment, you will need to know about:

Basic Java
Conditionals
Boolean Variables
Loops
Objects and Classes
Inheritance

This is your first assignment with objects. The test cases from now on are slightly different. Some
test cases will be regular input/input as before; however, most tests cases will be unit tests. In
unit test cases there is no input from the user. The test can evaluate your code directly without
any user input when needed. The tests can also test methods individually as long as your code is
compiling. Before you can even try to test your code it must be compiling.

Your code must compile. If it does not compile, you will receive a 0 (zero) on that portion of the
assignment, and no partial marks will be given.

Remember that students who hardcode their outputs to match the test cases in Mimir will
receive a zero on the entire assignment.

Grading Scheme: Please see the grading scheme at the end of this document.

Coding Style: You must proper variable names and comments. Please follow the guidelines on
https://web.cs.dal.ca/~franz/CodingStyle.html

Problem Overview

In OOP we model our problems using objects that we can manipulate. To create and use
objects, we need to write classes. Classes are a sort of a blueprint that describes the properties
and behaviour of the objects we want to create.

In this assignment we are going write classes representing Characters for RPG games similar to
World of Warcraft and others. Our game will have different kinds of Characters and Attacks. We
will use Inheritance to reduce duplicated code, allow for easy expansion of the game’s base
carachters (and attakcs), and explore polymorphic behaviour.

In a real-world scenario we would also be leveraging the concepts of Interfaces to write the
code. We will see interfaces in the near future; however, because we are a little behind in the
schedule we will not have interfaces on this assignment.

After you finish this assignment, try to answer the following questions:

How diffictulry it would be to add a new type of character to the game?
What code do you need to change to add the new character?
How difficult would it be to implement our game without using inheritance?

The starter code in Mimir comes with three packages: Attacks, Characters, and Game.

Attacks: Contain the classes related to attacks in the game. These classes
implementation is provided. Study them before starting the assignment. You don’t
have to edit the code inside this package.
Characters: Contain the classes related to our game characters. We will have initially
three concrete Characters: Mage, Priest, and Warrior
Game: This package has an example code on how to use the Charcaters and Attacks to
write a small turn-based duel of two game characters. You don’t have to edit this code.
You can run it once you have done the assignment. You can also study it to understand a
bit more of the idea of using abstract types and polymorphism.

How to upload your solution to mimir: You must preserve the package structure when
submitting your solution to mimir. The only way (that I know of) to preserve is to zip your files
an upload the zip file.

On Windows: Select the three folders inside the src folder, right click on them, and
“Send to compresed (zipped) folder”.

On Mac : Select the three folders inside the src folder, right click (option click?),
“Compress 3 items”

DO NOT WAIT UNTIL THE LAST WEEKEND TO START THIS ASSIGNMENT. Even if you don’t have
a lot of time now, at least download the starter code on Mimir, and try to create the zipped file.

“Help! Where do I begin?” :

Review the classes inside the Attack package. Read the Point (see below)
documentation.

You always start with the most generic classes in the inheritance trees. Start with the
RPGCharacter , then create the the more specialized classes.

This assignment is less complicated thant it seems codingwise. Review the concepts of
inheritance before starting it.

The Point class: We will be using Java’s Point class. You have to import java.awt.Point. More
information on this class can be found here:
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/awt/Point.html

The Assignments Classes and Inheritance Diagram

You don’t have to write JavaDocs for : getCurrentHP, getPosition, getMaxHP, getName,
toString, getCurrentEnergy, getCurrentMana

Implementation details for Attack

I’ve opted to reduce your workload a little. All the implementation for the attacks is provided.

Implementation details for RPGCharacter

RPGCharacter, Melee, and Caster should be abstract

RPGCharacter

The constructor’s parameters are in the following order: name, intellect, strength,
maxHP, and position.
The move method will move the character by calling the translate method form the
Point class. The parameter order is x,y
TakeDamage: deals damage to the character by deducting parameter to the character’s
current hp. If the HP falls bellow zero (included) the method should set the currentHP to
zero and return false indicating that the character is dead.
Heal: heals the character by adding the parameter to the character’s current hp. A
character cannot have more HP than the maxHP value. Returns true if the character is
fully healed.
Attack should be abstract
GetAttacks will return a string with each of the character’s attacks on a new line. Each
line should contain the attack’s index on the ArrayList and the attack’s string
representation. Example:
ToString returns a String representing the Characters. The string should contain (in this
order): the name, the type^1 , currentHP and maxHP:

Caster

This class will represent all Casters in our game. Casters are characters who deal damage
by casting spells primarly.

(^1) You can retrieve the class of the implicit parameter using getClass(); You can retrieve the class’ name using
getSimplifiedName(). How can you use these two methods to reduce the numbers of toStrings in the subclasses?

The caster’s constructor will receive the parameters in this order: name, intellect,
maxHP, position, and maxMana. Casters should be initialzed with a strength of 1 (one)
and currentMana as maxMana.

The attack method should work as follows:
o This method will select the attack from the ArrayList and call the

interactWithTarget method to inflict damage or heal the target.

o The mehod will return a negative number in case the attack fails:

▪ - 1 attackIndex not in range of the ArrayList
▪ - 2 target out of range (check the Point's calss docs to see how you can
   calculate the distance between two points
▪ - 3 not enough mana

o The method will return the target’s currentHP if the attack is sucessifull
o Casters can cast two types of spells and can also deal very basic melee attacks.

You can see the Mage and Priest classes for example. The attack method will
behave differently depending on the instance of the attack selected.
   ▪ HealingSpells should heal the character itself (implicit parameter) and
      pass the character's intellect as the modifier value
   ▪ For any other spell, the method will attack the target character and pass
      the intellect as the modifier
   ▪ For non-spell attacks, it should attack the target and pass zero (0) as the
      modifier

o You should use the interactWithTarget method from the attack that was

selected via the index parameter

The toString method should append the caster’s mana underneath the character’s

toString:

Melee

This class represents all Melee characters. Instead of casting spells, these types of
characters deal damage using physical attacks. Most of these attacks will consume
energy.
The constructor’s parameters are, in this order, name, strength, maxHP, position, and
maxEnergy. The currentEnergy should be initialized to the maxEnergy value and an
intellect of 1
The attack method is simpler than the caster’s.
o It will return a negative number if the attack fails:
```
▪ - 1 attackIndex not in the range of the ArrayList
▪ - 2 target out of range
▪ - 3 not enough energy
```
o If the attack succeds, it will:

▪ Deduct the energy cost
▪ Call the interactWithTarget method from the chosen attack to inflict
damage on the target
▪ Return the target's currentHP after the attack

The toString method will add the Characters current energy and max energy to the
character’s default toString implementation:

Mage, Priest, Warriors

These are concrect classes (not abstract) in our game. Each class will create a character
with a initial list of attacks (melee or spells).
Priest:
o Wand, cost 0, damage 3, range 3
o Smite, cost 10, damage 10, range 7
o Flash Heal, cost 20, heal 15, range 15
o Ressurrection
Mage
o Staff, cost 0, damage 3, range 3
o Fire Ball, cost 20, damage 10, range 20
o Frost Ball, cost 15, damage 7, range 15
o Lightning, cost 30, damage 15, range 20
Warrior
o Punch, cost 0, damage 5, range 3
o Slam, cost 3, damage 5, range 3
o Charge, cost 20, damage 30, range 15

How do I test an abstract class?

If you cannot create an object of a class how do you test it?

There are a couple of different ways but you should do as follows until you learn more about
OOP:

Let’s assume you want to test your RPGCharacter class.

Create an empty class (e.g. ConcreteRPGCharacter)
Extend RPGCharacter
For each abstract method in RPGCharacter, write a “dumb” implementation.
a. If the method return type is void, write “return;” as the implementation
b. If the method is returning a primitive type, write “return 0;” as the
```
implementation
```

1 2	c. If the method is returing a reference type, write "return null;" as the implementation

Create a tester/runner class.
In the main method, create instances of ConcreteRPGCharacter.
You can now test the non-abstract methods of RPGCharaceter by calling them on the
ConcreteRPGCharacter object.

Grading Scheme

Each problem on the assignment will be graded based on three criteria:

Functionality

“Does it work according to specifications?” This is determined in an automated fashion by
running your program on a number of inputs and ensuring that the outputs match the expected
outputs. The score is determined based on the number of tests that your program passes.

Quality of Solution

“Is it a good solution?” This considers whether the solution is correct, efficient, covers boundary
conditions, does not have any obvious bugs, etc. This is determined by visual inspection of the
code. Initially full marks are given to each solution and marks are deducted based on faults
found in the solution.

Code Clarity

“Is it well written?” This considers whether the solution is properly formatted, well-
documented, and follows coding style guidelines
(https://web.cs.dal.ca/~franz/CodingStyle.html).

If your program does not compile, it is considered non-functional and of extremely poor quality,
meaning you will receive 0 for the solution.

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Java代写：CSCI1110_A3