Introduction
高大上的Elections,特别是在大选中,投票往往会采用电子选箱,也就是智能选举系统。
相比纸质选票,电子计票有着快速计票、实时计票、节省人工成本、计票可回收利用等优点。尤其是差额票,对于候选人较多的情况,电子计票的优势就更大了。
电子计票系统中,最重要的部件就是识别有效选票、鉴别无效选票、统计选票,对识别器质量已经算法有较高的要求。
Requirement
There are so many different kinds of voting systems, especial electronic voting system in the world. In this request you will be comparing four of them: Approval Voting; Plurality, also known as First Past the Post; Copeland’s Method and the Borda Count. You will be simulating Canadian elections, where voters are choosing between the four major federal parties (New Democratic Party, Green Party, Liberal Party, Conservative Party).
- Approval Voting: everyone can vote many options
- Plurality: everyone can vote only one candidate
- Copeland’s Method: everyone can rank the candidates
- The Borda Count: everyone can rank the candidates
Analysis
计票过程
对于Approval Voting计票法,每人可投多个候选人,因此不需要考虑无效选票,检票时,当发现其中候选人之一出现选票时,记录下来
对于Plurality计票法,每人仅可投一位候选人,因此当出现多位时,该选票记为废票。有效票则记录在候选人票数中
对于Copeland’s Method计票法,每人给出排名,如果允许重复排名则不会出现无效选票,反之则需要剔除无效选票。根据选票中的票值排序,按照权值加到候选人票数,并记录下来
对于The Borda Count计票法,类似Copeland’s Method
验票过程
对于Approval Voting计票法,验票则是将候选人的票数从高到低排序
对于Plurality计票法,同Approval Voting,将候选人的票数从高到低排序
对于Copeland’s Method计票法,将候选人的加权和从高到低排序
对于The Borda Count计票法,类似Copeland’s Method,将候选人的加权和从高到低排序